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Kubecost Setup — K8s Cost Visibility#

"K8s cluster $80K/ay maliyet, 'kim kullanıyor?' bilen yok. Namespace'lere fatura kesemeyen ekip, maliyet sahipsiz. Kubecost = K8s için per-namespace cost dashboard."

Bu rehber Kubecost'u kurma, allocation modeli, alert setup, Sustainability entegrasyonu, ve OpenCost (CNCF) alternatif anlatır.

🎯 Kubecost Nedir?#

Kubecost: Kubernetes cluster'ında her resource'un (pod, namespace, deployment, label) dollar maliyetini real-time gösterir.

Cloud bill: $80K/ay
   │
   ▼ Kubecost allocation
   │
   ├── namespace=payments     $32K/ay (40%)
   ├── namespace=catalog      $20K/ay (25%)
   ├── namespace=monitoring   $8K/ay  (10%)
   ├── ...
   └── shared (kube-system)   $4K/ay  (5%)

🚀 Kurulum#

Helm install#

helm install kubecost kubecost/cost-analyzer \
  -n kubecost --create-namespace \
  --set kubecostToken="<TOKEN>" \
  --set prometheus.server.persistentVolume.enabled=true

Cloud integration (gerçek bill)#

# values.yaml
kubecostProductConfigs:
  cloudIntegrationSecret: cloud-integration
  awsSpotDataRegion: <REGION>
  awsSpotDataBucket: <SPOT_DATA_BUCKET>
  cloudCostsEnabled: true

# AWS billing data
kubectl create secret generic cloud-integration \
  -n kubecost \
  --from-literal=cloud-integration.json='{
    "aws": [{
      "athenaProjectId": "<ACCT>",
      "athenaBucketName": "<CUR_BUCKET>",
      "athenaRegion": "<REGION>",
      "athenaDatabase": "athenacurcfn",
      "athenaTable": "<CUR_TABLE>",
      "serviceKeyName": "<KEY>",
      "serviceKeySecret": "<SECRET>"
    }]
  }'

→ Kubecost AWS Cost & Usage Report'tan gerçek bill çeker.

📊 Allocation Model#

Aggregation#

  • Namespace: per-team
  • Deployment: per-service
  • Label: team, cost-center label'lı pod'lar
  • Annotation: custom

Idle costs#

  • Cluster'ın boş kısmı: kim ödüyor?
  • Default: proportionally dağıt (her tenant payına düşen)
  • Alternatif: shared _unallocated namespace

🛠️ Kubecost UI#

Cost Allocation#

[UI: Cost Allocation]
  Filter: namespace=payments, last 30d
  Total: $32,000

  Breakdown:
    CPU: $18K (56%)
    Memory: $9K (28%)
    GPU: $3K (9%)
    PV (storage): $1K (3%)
    Network egress: $1K (3%)

Right-Sizing Recommendations#

[UI: Savings]
  Pod: payments-api-7d8...
    Current: 4 vCPU, 8 GB
    Recommended: 1 vCPU, 2 GB
    Estimated saving: $400/ay

  Total potential saving: $12,000/ay (15% cluster)

Cluster Comparison#

  • Multi-cluster: hangi cluster en pahalı, niye?
  • Region cost karşılaştırması

🚨 Alarmlar#

# values.yaml
notifications:
  alertConfigs:
    enabled: true
    alerts:
      - type: budget
        threshold: 10000   # $10K/ay üstü
        window: 7d
        aggregation: namespace
        filter: payments
        slackWebhookUrl: <WEBHOOK>

      - type: efficiency
        efficiencyThreshold: 0.4   # %40 verim altı
        spendThreshold: 1000
        aggregation: deployment

→ Slack alarm: "Payments namespace 7-gün $12K, bütçeyi aştı".

📈 Per-PR Cost Diff (CI'da)#

PR'da "bu deploy ne kadar ekstra maliyet getirir" gösterimi.

# .github/workflows/cost-diff.yml
- uses: kubecost/kubecost-cost-action@<VERSION>
  with:
    api-key: ${{ secrets.KUBECOST_API_KEY }}
    repo: <ORG>/<REPO>
    pr-number: ${{ github.event.pull_request.number }}

→ PR comment: 

💰 Cost Impact:
  CPU: +200m → +$15/ay
  Memory: +512Mi → +$6/ay
  Total: +$21/ay (+%2.3)

Detay: PR-Cost-Diff.md.

🌱 Sustainability — Karbon Tahmini#

# Carbon estimation
sustainability:
  carbon:
    enabled: true
    region: eu-west-1

→ Per-namespace CO₂ emission tahmini (Cloud Carbon Footprint integration).

⚖️ Kubecost vs OpenCost#

Boyut Kubecost OpenCost
License Free + paid tiers Apache 2 (CNCF)
Topluluk Kubecost Inc CNCF, broader
Features Daha çok (UI, alerts, multi-cluster) Core engine
Cloud integration Native Manuel
Kullanım UI-driven API + custom dashboard

🔑 Kubecost = OpenCost engine + UI + premium features. 2026 önerisi: Kubecost free tier yeterli çoğu için.

🚫 Anti-Pattern Tablosu#

Anti-pattern Niye kötü Doğru
Cost transparency yok "Kim ne harcıyor?" cevapsız Kubecost / OpenCost
Tüm cluster maliyeti shared Allocation yok Namespace + label
Idle cost merkezi havuzda Team'lere bedava Proportional dağıt
Cost alert yok Bütçe sürprizi Per-team threshold
Right-sizing recommendation ignore İsraf Quarterly review
PR cost diff yok Dev cost-blind CI integration
Cloud bill + Kubecost senkron değil Tahmin yanlış CUR / Billing API integrate
Multi-cluster cost yok Karşılaştırma imkansız Multi-cluster Kubecost

📋 Kubecost Production Checklist#

[ ] Kubecost / OpenCost deploy
[ ] Cloud billing integration (CUR / Billing Export)
[ ] Allocation: namespace + label (team / cost-center)
[ ] Idle cost: proportional dağıt
[ ] Right-sizing recommendation review (quarterly)
[ ] Slack alarm: per-team budget threshold
[ ] PR cost diff CI'da
[ ] Sustainability/carbon integration
[ ] Multi-cluster (varsa) tek dashboard
[ ] Quarterly cost report yöneticilere
[ ] Per-team cost dashboard self-service
[ ] Annual: cost optimization roadmap

📚 Referanslar#

"Kubecost 'opsiyonel finans tool' değil — K8s'in maliyet görüntüsü. 'Hangi namespace kaç para?' cevabı 5 dakikada verilemiyorsa, sahipsiz cost birikiyor."